COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF SCHOOL CHALK



School chalks are calcite substances of different colours used in writing on a blackboard. The use of school chalk is an age long establishment. Days when our great grandfathers use charcoal to inscribe marks on the wall to indicate counting to today where school chalk are used on the chalkboards or blackboards.

Today, starting from the nursery schools through to the universities, the uses of chalk, is an everyday thing.

Making quality school chalk that is dustless can go a long way in promoting your school chalk making business. The same way, quality materials can make selling your school chalk product even easier than its production as it will make it be in constant demand by schools and similar establishments.

All you have to do is take a sample of the product (school chalks) to schools heads; be it school proprietors, principals of secondary schools, departmental heads, and deans of faculties and E.t.c.  

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SCHOOL CHALK MAKING PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT/ REQUIREMENTS
1. Electric or manual mixer

2. Chalk Moulder
3. Scrapper
4. Drier or oven

MATERIALS FOR MAKING SCHOOL CHALK
1 Calcium Carbonate 1 kg
2 Blue 50 litres
3 Plaster of Paris 500 grammes
4 Water 1 litre
6 Detergent As desired
7 Oil As desired
8 Colourant As desired

SCHOOL CHALK MAKING PROCESS/PROCEDURES
1. Mix the P.O.P and calcium together
2. Add water in which a little quantity of blue has been added, mix to form the homogenous slurry.
3. Add your desired colourant if you are producing coloured chalk
4. When the mixture is well blended, transfer to your mould and allows setting and removing from the moulds to dry in the oven

N.B: Mix detergent in water and use to lubricate mould if plastic, in case of metal mould, kerosene and groundnut oil is mixed together e.g. measure 4litres of kerosene and1 litre of groundnut oil to clean and lubricate the chalk moulds.

COMMERCIAL BODY CREAM PRODUCTION



The skin being the largest organ in the body needs proper care and attention. And body cream has served well in the protection and nourishing of the body against the abrasive condition of our environments.

The use of body cream, lotions and other skin care products in maintaining, repairing damage skins, enhancing the look and appearance of the skin can never be over exaggerated.       

Knowing what kind of body cream to use for your type of body skin; light skin, chocolate skin or fair complexion or how you can make your own natural body cream can be of good health benefit to you.

The knowledge of the body cream production process or body lotion can transform you into a mega millionaire if you plan to follow it as a dream. My dear, believe me, you can make a living producing your very own quality natural body cream brands into the striving market. No joke!

You don’t need an almighty formula to start; you even start at the comfort of your apartment. Follow the steps below;

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BODY CREAM MAKING MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT
1.       Heater
2.       Thermometer
3.       Stirrer
4.       Mixing chamber
5.       Weighing Scale

BODY CREAM PRODUCTION MATERIALS AND QUANTITY

1.       Methy Paraben                                 5 mls
2.       Emulsifying wax (crude)                 3 mls
3.       Propylparabe Stearic-acid                0.2 grams
4.       Propylene glycol                              3 mls
5.       Water                                                81 mls
6.       Cetyl Alcohol                                   3 grams
7.       Colourant                                         To taste
8.       Mineral Oil                                      0.1 grams
9.       Fragrance                                         As desired
10.   Jelly                                                 5 grams



BODY CREAM PRODUCTION MAKING PROCEDURES AND PROCESSES
1.       Mix no 1-5 together in a heating chamber
2.       Heat until the mixture reaches around 75 0 C
3.       Also mix no 6-8 together in a heating chamber
4.       Turn on the heat, until the mix is at about 75 0 C
5.       Mix both phase with continuous stirring, turn off the heat
6.       Add perfume and colour as desired, when the temperature drops to about 40 0 C.

7.       Package ready for the market.
COMMERCIAL HAIR SHAMPOO PRODUCTION

Shampoo is a viscous liquid that is used for the washing of hair and scalp. It is a most have for the ladies and even men and guys who are concerned about the proper care of their hair. Production of natural shampoo from plant blend will go a long way to your kind of shampoo brands in the striving shampoo market.  
The production of hair shampoo process must be in coherence with standard and quality formulation. This will play a vital role in the market when pushing for high product demand, and satisfactory customer report.
Quality product is the key to all your production plans; use of very nice  fragrance, flavor, good marketing campaigns are all part of the plans and feminine colour are as you should be aware of that majority of your potential customer are ladies.    

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HAIR SHAMPOO MAKING MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENTS
1.       Mixer
2.       Measuring Cylinder
3.       Weighing Scale
HAIR SHAMPOO PRODUCTION MATERIALS AND QUANTITY


1.       Detergent                        12 litres
2.       Sodium Chloride             500 grams
3.       Formalin                           500 mls
4.       Propylene glycol             2 litres
5.       Deionised water             0.5 litre
6.       Glycerine                         1 litre
7.       Colourant                        500 ml
8.       Pacol or Antisol              1 kg
9.       Fragrance                        As desired
10.   Sodium lauryl sulphate 150 grams

HAIR SHAMPOO PRODUCTION MAKING PROCEDURES AND PROCESSES
1.       Add 12 litres of detergent into a the mixer and add 50 litres of water and stir
2.       Add salt (sodium chloride)
3.       Add sodium lauryl sulphate
4.       Check out the weight C.M.C and pour into a different bowl
5.       Add 1 litre of glycerin and 2 litres of propylene glycol the C.M.C and stir till uniform blend is achieved
6.       Pour the mixture gently into the shampoo with rapid stirring
7.       Add formalin, colourant and perfume and continue stirring for 5 mins

8.       Sieve and package.


COMMERCIAL WOOD/CAR POLISH WAX PRODUCTION

 Wood polish or wood wax can be liquid oily forms. It is usually used to protect, preserve and enhances the natural beauty of woods by continually keeping it ever shinning, both finished and unfinished wood furniture’s.   





The demand of good wood polish wax by makers of household furniture, interior decorators, and others cannot be over exaggerate. Wood wax helps maintains the quality of wood, from drying out or deteriorating, and from insect attacks.

You can start your own homemade wood polish factory from the comfort of home without hassle. You don’t need million to get started, because most of the equipment’s and production materials are readily available at amazon store.  

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you can even make wax pad from the same line of production by just getting good pad a whole sales price from amazon store. 
wax pad


   
You can start a work experiment by buying raw materials from amazon stores

WOOD/CAR POLISH WAX PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT/REQUIREMENTS
1.      Boiler or mixer
2.      Measuring Cylinder
3.      Weighing Scale

WOOD/CAR POLISH WAX PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS
1.      Pine Oil                             Half a litre
2.      Linseed oil                         4 litres
3.      PVA                                   1/3 litre
4.      Methylated spirit               Half a litre
5.      Vinegar                              1 litre
6.      Turpentine                         1 litre


WOOD/CAR POLISH WAX PRODUCTION MAKING PROCEDURES AND PROCESSES
1.      Set the heating apparatus and turn the heater on
2.      Measure linseed oil and warm slightly
3.      Add turpentine and vinegar and mix properly
4.      Add PVA, pine oil and Methylated spirit, stir and turn off the heater

5.       Allow to cool down and package
COMMERCIAL PERFUME/AIR FRESHENER PRODUCTION

Fragrance and perfume on the body, or on the cloth, and in our homes and automobiles are compelling personality that gives the body and our environments soothing aroma.
Most people see the perfume and air freshener as part of daily gears when going out and when doing household chores.    

“Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils or aroma compounds, fixatives and solvents - used to give the human body, animals, food, objects, and living-spaces "a pleasant scent"

…The use of perfumes in some of the earliest human civilizations. Modern perfumery began in the late 19th century with the commercial synthesis of aroma compounds such as vanillin or coumarin, which allowed for the composition of perfumes with smells previously unattainable solely from natural aromatic alone…”  - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfume

You can start your own perfume manufacturing company from te comfort of your home. You can even customize products towards meeting specific individual needs. What I am about to reveal below can give such edge in the market.

Marketing perfumes come easy when you have very good scents or aroma to sell to the world. This gives infinite opportunity as long as you allow creativity to govern your production and marketing concept.

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PERFUME MAKING MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENTS
1.     Mixer chamber

2.     Measuring cylinder

3.     Stirrer

PERFUME MAKING PRODUCTION MATERIALS
1.     Methanol 50 grams

2.     Avalon (Raw perfume) 15 kg

3.     Colourant (optional) 2.2 kg

4.     Glycerine (optional) 1.5 kg

5.     5 Water (optional) 12 kg

6.     Blue river (Raw perfume) 1.9 kg

7.     Tahoe (Raw perfume) 50 kg

8.     212 (Raw perfume) 1 kg

PERFUME MAKING PROCEDURES AND PROCESSES

1.     Wash all the apparatus to be used very well to avoid impregnation of any unwanted odour or aroma
2.     Measure out the raw perfumes into the mixing chamber
3.     Add the methanol and stir to homogeneity
4.     As the water (if you want to). I should tell you that adding water will reduce the quality of your perfume, but if you are producing for the off the shelf market, you will need to add water in order to maximal profit. But if you are into bespoke production, please do not add water
5.     Add glycerin (only if you are into bespoke production)
6.     Add colour if you want, but be informed that it might stains white cloths if used on it
7.     Allow for at least 2 hours before packing

8.      Package your product ready for the market
COMMERCIAL LIQUID SOAP PRODUCTION

Today, liquid soap is fast replacing solid soap, be it in the laundry or the toilet soap.  It is mostly used dish washing, car wash, laundries effects and toilet steam bath. There is a ready market for liquid soap as it demand remains stable eternally, especially it comes with good fragrance, good foaming ability, and a good colour.

LIQUID SOAP PRODUCTION
EQUIPMENTS
Mixer
Stirrer
Stamping machine
Heater
Hydrometer
Weighing scale
Packaging material
Measuring cylinder

CHEMICALS FOR MAKING SOAP
Sulphoric Acid

Textaporle
Caustic soda (Naoh) 1 kg    -please do not touch
Soda ash (light) 500 grams
Nutrisole 

Formalin
Colorant To taste
Water 30 litres
Fragrance To taste



LIQUID SOAP MAKING PROCEDURES
Prepare the Sulphoric Acid and Textaporle solution together; stir properly for fine blend
 
Prepare the caustic soda solution by dissolving 1kg of caustic soda into 4 litres of water solution;
Leave it for at least 24 Hours plus for proper blend and dissolution.

Ensure it complete 24 Hours or more to avoid your soap being corrosive on the users’ skin and clothes.
Confirm that it was a density of 1275kg/m3.

Add soda ash to the caustic soda solution and stir vigorously until well blended.
Add the Nutrisole and Formalin and continue to stirring
Add the colorant to the solution and continue stirring.
Add the fragrance and package ready for the market.


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LIQUID SOAP MAKING  PROCEDURES FOR PROFESSIONALS
Weigh out the formulation quantity of water
Add sodium EDTMP- ethylenediamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid)
Add 90% of the formulation quantity of NAOH to formulate
Add lab. Mix for 10 mins.
Add GLYCERIN,
And MAGNESIUM SULFATE –HEPTAHYDRATE to the formulation.
Mix until dissolved.

Check the temperature of the batch.
The batch must be 40*c before SLES is added.
Add SLES, mix until fully dissolved.
Add FRAGRANCE.
And add DYES SOLUTION
Check PH, PH must be 6-7, before adding PARMETOL

If PH < 7, add more NAOH. If PH >7 add more LAB.
When adding NAOH /LAB to batch,
Increase speed slightly (300 – 400) until PH 6-7.
PH = decants into appropriate containers.

NB: IF THE PRODUCT HAS SEPERATED OVERNIGHT, WARM THE PRODUCT IN A WATER BATH AND MIX AT LOW SPEED (I.E 20 rpm) FOR 5 MINS BEFORE DECANTING IN BOTTLES.



ALL YOU NEED

VISION
Get a clear picture of what you intend to accomplish in the end and a road-map to achieving it. When your vision is very clear to you, it helps you to move confidently towards manifesting your dream.

IDEAS
A lot of ideas will run through your mind as you meditate and make research concerning your dream and vision. As soon as the right ideas come, guide them jealously until they take firm root in you. Your idea will lead you to what to do and how to go about it.

PLAN
This involves mapping out the necessary steps to take towards translating your idea to reality. It brings order to the process of achieving your dream. At this stage, the likely problems to be confronted with the opportunities to explore, the positive edge of the business above others and weak points of the business will all be revealed. The effective handling of these components should be clearly catered for in the plan. It is not out of place to have one or two back-up plans to take care of unforeseen future problems.

FOCUS
Success does not come on a platter of gold. Circumstances will arise to quench the fire and zeal in you. But you have to be focused and resolute in your belief concerning your vision. Being focused also involves eliminating any other attractive pursuit.

PASSION
This involves giving your dream all your heart. This will propel you into dissipating your mental, physical, emotional and spiritual strength into achieving that dream you believe in.

HARDWORK
If your dream must come to reality, you must be prepared to work hard. Have you heard that life does not give you what you deserve; it gives you what you demand of it. Don’t relent in hard-work.

DEVELOP YOURSELF
Learn new things about your area of interest and specification every day and apply it to your business.

BEING AN ENTREPRENEUR
An entrepreneur involves owning and managing through the initiative and managing of the risk with the goal of making profit. You must be an innovator, a good private risk taker, who sees profitable opportunities, develop and set up plans in order to achieve his desired objectives and goals. Desire to be your own boss and you are an entrepreneur.

BEFORE TAKING OFF
Most new business collapse because of inadequate, improper planning and preparation. To achieve your desired objective in business, you need every relevant information on the new business idea and make plans according to the information you gathered.

Here are some layouts;
1.  Please, you must have a summary of your business idea in cleared, easy to read, easy to understand outline manner.

2. Ensure that the precise description of your business solve a particular problem in your environment and at large.

3. Make marketing plans on your products or services will be sold to identify and targeted customer profitably. This includes the details of the product or services to sell, the price to charge, the location of the business, distribution and the method of distribution and how to promote the product and services.

4.     Know the kind of business you are embarking on be it a sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability, cooperatives and the like.

5. Consider and detailed the staff needed, their experiences, remunerations, etc.

6. Now the legal documentation and requirement for the business.

7.     Here are some legal requirements;

8. Legal responsibilities: some of it includes the payment of taxes, license and permit and contract Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the parties involve.

9. Insurance policy: Most time it is important to get insurance cover for your business. Find out more here

10. Social responsibilities: every business has both internal and external responsibilities which include ensuring that the operation of business does not disturb or harmful to the well being of their owner(s), employees, customers, government, community and the society.

11. Do and know the overall cost of production of goods and services for it will assist you in fixing the sales prices for your products and services.

12. Estimate your future financial planning for cash flow. This means how you expected cash to go in and out of the business within the time period covered by the plan.

13. Know your initial capital and the source of getting it.

SOURCES MAY INCLUDE;
Owners equity: that is the contribution(s) form your private or personal purse. The beauty of it is that it does not put pressure on you on how to repay.

Loans: borrowing and lending of the initial capital to take off, which probably comes with interest depending on the source. A good feasibility study can convince the lender(s) about the viability of the business proposal and grant you the loan which sometime they might demand collaterals.

Grants: sometimes the government and non-government organizations give out money as grants or allowance to support small scale business enterprises.


ALOE VERA GEL



From time memorial, Aloe Vera gel had been found useful for a wide range of cosmetic application, food processing industries and drug manufacturers are left out.

Countless research has been conducted, and the host is still being conducted on the use and benefits of aloe vera plant and it extract. Without doubt, it chemical properties has proved to be an effective medicinal agent.

Aloe Vera helps in the treatment and maintenance of various skin conditions. Wounds, skin burns, skin ulcer skin infections and  irritations like eczema, dandruff, canker sore, genital herpes and e.t.c, are in the list of common skin conditions that it can treat.       
Today, the demand of aloe vera gel by various industries (cosmetic, food processing and drug) as a primary raw material for their production processes is relatively on the high side.

You can tap into the gold mine by cultivation aloe vera farm, and sell to cosmetic industries. You might be surprised at the rich outcome of your venture. You can also start your own small business of Aloe Vera Gel (moisturizer) production, Aloe Vera Gel Soap production from your own Aloe vera farm.



ALOE VERA GEL PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT
1.     Washing Compartment.


2.     Measuring Cylinder.
3.     Knife.
4.     Mixing machine.
5.     Gel separator.
6.     Blender.

ALOE VERA GEL PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS/QUANTITY 
1.     Methy Paraben                        100 grams.
2.     Aloe Vera leave (Gel)             10 litres.
3.     Citric acid                               200 grams.
4.     Propyl paraben                       100 grams.
5.     Water                                      10 litres.






ALOE VERA GEL PRODUCTION PROCEDURES AND PROCESSES
1.     Wash your Aloe Vera leaves in the washing compartment.
2.     Feed Aloe Vera leave into the gel separation or use your knife and cut the leaves
3.     longitudinally and collect the gel with spoon.
4.     Transfer the gel into a mixer and blend properly.
5.     Transfer the already blended gel into a mixer, add water and start mixing until well blended.
6.     Add the other materials and continue stirring.

7.     Package and store in non-transparent container.